Nested & Advanced Structs

Structs containing structs, and what that does to the actual memory layout underneath.

struct address {
    char city[32];
    int zip;
};

struct person {
    char name[32];
    struct address addr;   /* embedded, not a pointer — laid out inline */
};

struct person p;
p.addr.zip = 12345;

addr here isn't a pointer to a separate allocation — it's laid out directly inside person, contiguous with the other members. sizeof(struct person) includes the full address inline, and p.addr.zip chains the dot operator straight through both levels.